Infant Orajel

Dentistry has come a long way towards achieving this treatment report. At the heart of this foundation is the home of preventive oral hygiene and plaque control.

The main objectives of oral hygiene are as follows: -

To view the patient as a whole.

To maintain a healthy mouth as long as possible.

To stop the progression of the disease and provide appropriate rehabilitation.

To provide patients with the necessary knowledge, skills and motivation.

Plaque

Dental plaque is clinically defined as a structure, soft yellow - gray substance that adheres strongly to the intra-oral hard surfaces, including fixed and removable restoration. The plate is composed mainly of bacteria in a matrix of salivary glycoproteins and polysaccharides extracellular. This matrix, it is impossible to remove the plaque by rinsing or the use of sprays. The plaque can be differentiated from other deposits which can be found on the surface of the tooth, as materia alba and calculus. Materia alba refers to the accumulation of bacteria and soft tissue cells that lack the organized structure of dental plaque and is easily moved with a stream of water. Calculus is a hard deposit that forms by the mineralization of dental plaque, and it is usually covered by a layer of unmineralized plaque.

Dental plaque is composed primarily of the organization's microphone. One gram of plaque (wet weight) contains approximately 1011 bacteria. The number of bacteria in supragingival plaque on tooth surfaces alone may exceed 109. In a periodontal pocket, the figures can vary from 103 bacteria in a crevice in good health more than 108 bacteria in a deep pocket. More than 500 different microbial species found in dental plaque. New molecular approaches for bacterial identification, based on analysis of ribosomal dexyribonuclie acid (DNA), suggest that up to 30% of micro-organisms associated with gingivitis may represent uncultured species. Thus, it is clear that a significant number of plaque micro-organisms have yet to be identified. A person may harbor 150 or more different species. No bacterial micro-organisms found in plaque include Mycoplasma species, yeast, protozoa and viruses. The organization exists within a micro intercellur matrix which also contains a few host cells such as epithelial cells, macrophages and leukocytes.

Dental plaque is generally classified as supragigival supragigival or according to its position on the surface of the tooth to supragingival margins as follows.

• The supragingival plaque is located above the gingival margin in direct contact with the gingival margin, it is known as plate margins.
• The supragingival plaque is at or above the gingival margin between the tooth and the gingival pocket epithelium.

Supragingival plaque shows a generally organized layered accumulation of bacterial morphotypes multilavered. Gram - positive cocci, short rods are predominant on the surface of the tooth, while Gram-negative and incandescent and spirochetes predominate in the outer surface of the mass of the plate in middle age.

In general, the subgingival flora differs in composition of supragingival plaque, mainly due to local availability of blood products and a low oxidation - reduction (redox) potential, which characterizes the anaerobic environment.

Mechanical methods of plaque control

Mechanica.